التمييز (ج. 1)

التمييز اسم نكرة منصوب يذكر لبيان المراد من كلمة سابقة مبهمة (أو بمعنى آخر التمييز هو كل اسم نكرة متضمن معنى "مِنْ" لبيان ما قبله من إجمال).اشتريت قنطاراً قمحاً.- تمييز العدد من 3 إلى 10 يكون جمعاً مجروراً.رأيت أربعة رجالٍ (رجال: تمييز مجرور بالكسرة).- تمييز العدد من 11 إلى 99 يكون مفرداً منصوباً.في الفصل ثلاثة وثلاثون طالباً (طالباً: تمييز منصوب بالفتحة).- تمييز المائة والألف ومضاعفات كل منهما يكون مفرداً مجروراً.حضر الحفل أربعمائة شابٍ (شابٍ: تمييز مجرور بالكسر).

المصدر: فؤاد نعمة، ملخص قواعد اللغة العربية.

Grammar Tips - Verbs in conditional sentences (P. 1)

Introduction
- If you haven't got television, you can't watch it.
- If you go to one of the agencies, they have a lot of temporary jobs.
- If someone else has requested the book, you would have to give it back.
- If you lived on the planet Mercury, you would have four birthdays in a single Earth year.

In open conditions we use the present to refer to the future (if you go to one of the agencies). When we talk about something unreal we often use the past (if you lived) and would (you would have four birthdays).

NOTE
When the condition is true, we use verb forms in the normal way.
- Well, if your friends left half an hour ago, they aren't going to get to Cornwall by tea time.
The if-clause usually comes before the main clause, but it can come after it.
- We lose our money if the company fails.

Type 0 conditionals
a. The pattern is if...+ present... + present.
- If the doorbell rings, the dog barks.
- If you heat iron, it expands.
Here the pattern means that one thing always follows automatically from another.
We can use when instead of if.
- If/When I reverse the car, it makes a funny noise.
( = Every time I reverse the car,...)

b. We can also use Type 0 for the automatic result of a possible future action.
- If the team win tomorrow, they get promotion to a higher league.
This is an open condition. It leaves open the question of whether the team will win or not.

NOTE
As well as the present simple, we can use the continuous.
- If you're practising on the drums, I'm going out.

Source: John Eastwood, Oxford Guide To English Grammar.

Grammar Tips - The possessive form

In general we are more likely to use the possessive form with people rather than things and to talk about possession rather than about other relations.

your father's car NOT the car of your father.

the beginning of the term NOT the term's beginning.

a. After a singular noun ending in s, we normally add 's: the boss's office, Chris's address. But after a surname ending in s, we can add just an apostrophe: Perkins' room/Perkins's room, Yeats' poetry/Yeats's poetry.

b. If there is a short phrase after the noun, then the possessive ending comes after the phrase.
the people next door's cat/the cat belonging to the people next door.

c. We can leave out the noun after the possessive if the meaning is clear without it.
That umbrella is my friend's.

d. Pronouns ending in one/body and the pronouns one, each other and one another can be possessive.
I found someone's coat here. They visit each other's rooms.

e. We can add an apostrophe + s to a phrase with and.
I've just been to Peter and Zoe's flat.
This is much more usual than Peter's and Zoe's flat.

f. We can sometimes use two possessive forms together.
Anita is my cousin - my mother's brother's daughter.


Source: John Eastwood, Oxford Guide To English Grammar.

En boca cerrada no entran moscas

Spanish proverb, literally means “in a closed mouth, no flies will enter”.

English equivalent: Silence is Golden.

المقابل باللغة العربية: السكوت من ذهب.

Voice

Let's find out how to say "voice" in the following languages:

Arabic: صوت.

French: voix.

German: Stimme.

Korean: 목소리.

Russian: голос.

Spanish: voz.

Brain drain - الطيور المهاجرة

What a pity!

How can we say "what a pity!" in 6 other languages?

Arabic: !يا للأسف

French: quel dommage! 

German: wie Schade! 

Korean: 가엾어라! 

Russian: как жаль! 

Spanish: qué lástima.